Brown SGA, Ball EL, Perrin K, et al. - Researchers sought to explore if conservative management is an acceptable option to interventional management for uncomplicated, moderate-to-large primary spontaneous pneumothorax is unknown. An open-label, multicenter, noninferiority trial was designed to include a sum of 316 individuals 14 to 50 years of age with a first-known, unilateral, moderate-to-large primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Individuals were allocated randomly to immediate interventional management of the pneumothorax (intervention group) or a conservative observational approach (conservative-management group) and were followed for 12 months. The study gives a modest indication that conservative management of primary spontaneous pneumothorax was noninferior to interventional management, with a lower risk of serious adverse events, although the primary endpoint was not statistically robust to conservative hypotheses about missing data.