Yoo JE, Han K, Shin DW, et al. - Among patients who received surgery for newly diagnosed lung cancer, this study assessed the conditional relative survival (CRS) as well as competing mortality. Experts computed 5‐year CRS on 1 to 5 years survival post-surgery, utilizing a nationwide population‐based database. These rates were documented by age, gender, socioeconomic status, comorbidities, and treatment administered. At baseline, the 5‐year CRS post-surgery was estimated to be 71.7%, which improved consistently to 85.4% at 5 years, indicating evidence of persistent excess risk of death. Overall, despite showing improvement over time, CRS rates for lung cancer patients failed to reach the level of the general population even 5 years post-surgery. Although lung cancer remained the main cause of death, there was a rise in death from noncancer causes aligned with time following surgery. On the dynamic risk profiles of the patients, evidence‐based decisions could be made.