Hartley MA, Hofmann N, Keitel K, et al. - Standard malaria rapid diagnostic tests (standard mRDT) cannot detect low-density (LD) Plasmodium infections when the blood antigen concentration is below the detection threshold. Researchers sought to ascertain the clinical impact of these LD infections via determining the clinical presentation and outcome of untreated febrile children with LD infections visiting primary care facilities in a moderately endemic area of Tanzania. From December 01, 2014, to February 28, 2016, they recruited 2,801 febrile pediatric outpatients (median age 13.5 months [range 2–59], female:male ratio 0.8:1.0) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania for inclusion in this cohort study. From all patients, frozen blood was examined for Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) using ultrasensitive–quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), standard mRDT, and “ultrasensitive” mRDT. They observed Pf positivity rate of 7.1% (n = 199/2,801) and 9.8% (n = 274/2,801) by standard mRDT and ultrasensitive qPCR, respectively. Hence, standard mRDTs did not detect over a quarter of all patients in whom parasites were identified using ultrasensitive tests. However, patients with LD parasitemia vs those without any detectable parasites exhibit no difference in clinical outcomes during a 28-day follow-up despite not receiving antimalarials. Findings thereby indicate that LD parasitemia is perhaps a self-resolving fever or an incidental finding in children with other infections.