Setianingrum F, Rautemaa-Richardson R, Shah R, et al. - As chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) may involve surgical resection, and sometimes a preoperative presumption of lung cancer turns out to be CPA, researchers here sought to report on their surgical experience with regard to risk factors for relapse, and the value of postoperative monitoring of Aspergillus-immunogolubulin G (IgG) titres. They performed a retrospective evaluation of 61 patients with CPA (28 males, 33 females) who were surgically treated at National Aspergillosis Centre (NAC), Manchester, UK (2007–2018). The patients were operated on primarily for antifungal therapy failure (51%, n = 31) or presumed lung malignancies (38%, n = 23). The following procedures were performed: lobectomy (64%, n = 39), wedge resection (28%, n = 17), segmentectomy (n = 3), pneumonectomy (n = 3) and decortication (n = 2). Favorable outcomes were attained in these selected patients with CPA after undergoing surgery. They commonly encountered relapse after surgical treatment of CPA but these can be reduced with antifungal therapy, highlighting the importance of an accurate diagnosis prior to surgery. .