Clinical, laboratory, and interferon-alpha response characteristics of patients with chilblain-like lesions during the COVID-19 pandemic
JAMA Feb 24, 2021
Hubiche T, Cardot-Leccia N, Le Duff F, et al. - In a cohort of patients with chilblain-like lesions occurring during the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers analyzed the clinical, pathologic, and laboratory features of these patients during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. There were 40 consecutive patients presenting with chilblain-like lesions involved in this prospective case series which incorporated a COVID-19 multidisciplinary consultation group at the University Hospital of Nice, France. Study participants had a thorough general and dermatologic exam, including skin biopsies, vascular investigations, biologic analyses, interferon-alpha (IFN-α) stimulation and detection, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serologic analysis. Of these 40 patients, none had positive findings on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, and 12 (30%) had positive COVID-19 serologic results. Higher D-dimer, lymphocytic inflammation, vascular damage on skin biopsy results, and a significant interferon-alpha response were commonly seen in these patients vs patients with PCR-positive, acute COVID-19 infection. Patients manifesting with chilblain-like lesions during the COVID-19 pandemic all had negative PCR results for COVID-19 at the time of the diagnosis and produced antibodies in just 30% of cases and had histologic and biologic patterns of type I interferonopathy.
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