Nishiyama O, Shimizu S, Haratani K, et al. - Researchers assessed the results of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) study and transbronchial lung biopsy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients experiencing immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related pneumonitis, as well as evaluated the clinical significance of bronchoscopy for this health condition. They retrospectively screened NSCLC patients managed with ICIs, diagnosed with ICI-related pneumonitis post-receiving bronchoscopy. They noted 12 patients had bronchoscopy for detection of ICI-related pneumonitis, 10 of whom had BAL. An elevated proportion of lymphocytes was revealed as a major characteristic of BAL analysis in ICI-related pneumonitis with NSCLC. Alveolitis and/or organizing pneumonia were identified as histologic characteristics of lung tissue. The presence of acute lung injury and fibrosis was evident. Although the need for bronchoscopy should be decided on a case-by-case basis, evaluation of these parameters is a requisite when proper differential diagnosis is required.