Chen S, Wei A, Ma H, et al. - At the terminal point of follow-up, generally favorable outcomes were recorded for children with lower levels of IL-6 and IL-10, or with younger age and lower pathologic grades, suggesting better prognostic signs.

• Among children with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection, fever, lymph node enlargement, and hepatomegaly or splenomegaly were the 3 most frequently observed clinical manifestations.

• Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) was also diagnosed in 36.3% of the patients.

• Only T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, or both T- and natural killer-cell types were infected by Epstein-Barr virus in 33.3%, 37.8%, and 28.9%, respectively.

• Progression-free survival was observed in 69.8% ± 2.4%.

• Independent prognostic factors comprised the level of IL-6 and IL-10 and the combination of younger age and lower pathologic grade at diagnosis.