Venneri MA, et al. - This research assessed how the timing of glucocorticoid (GC) administration impacts circadian gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients from the Dual Release Hydrocortisone compared to Conventional Glucocorticoid Replacement in Hypocortisolism (DREAM) trial. For this investigation, 89 patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI) were randomly assigned to continue their multiple daily GC doses or switch to an equivalent dose of once-daily modified-release hydrocortisone. It was observed that patients with AI on standard therapy show a dysregulation of circadian genes in PBMCs. Researchers found that the once-daily administration reconditions peripheral tissue gene expression to levels close to controls, similar to the clinical outcomes of the DREAM trial.