Lee MW, et al. - Among 37 acute anterior uveitis (AAU) patients and 40 controls, researchers conducted this retrospective study to determine the changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), macular and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thicknesses. During the initial active phase and inactive phase of AAU, optical coherence tomography scans were performed. After resolution of inflammatory activity, patients were followed for at least 3 months. During the active phase, the average pRNFL thicknesses of affected eyes and fellow eyes were 109.4 ± 12.5 μm and 96.5 ± 8.0 μm. During the active phase of AAU, the pRNFL and central macula thickened and decreased with fellow eyes during the inactive phase to a similar degree. In addition, the thickness of pRNFL was sensitive to the degree of inflammation in AAU. This indicates that the thickness of pRNFL can be helpful in evaluating disease activity.