Calani REC, Valencia VMB, Alvarez IF, et al. - In kidney transplant recipients, alterations in blood glucose level in the first 24 h post-transplantation deserve attention because any alteration could be an early sign of NODAT (new-onset diabetes after transplantation) development, particularly in patients with a family history of diabetes mellitus. Overall, immediate follow-up is needed in patients after kidney transplantation.

• NODAT is defined as diabetes development following solid organ transplantation without a history of diabetes and is associated with poor graft function and lower survival rate.

• A retrospective analysis of 127 pediatric kidney transplant recipients, divided into groups 1 and 2 (without [n = 110 patients, 86.5%] and with NODAT [n = 17 patients, 13.4%], respectively).

• In Cox proportional hazards analysis, an association between alterations from baseline to 24-h postoperative blood glucose level was identified to be a risk factor of the development of NODAT.

• Each unit elevation in blood glucose level in the first hours post-transplantation also elevates the risk of diabetes occurrence (95% confidence interval, 1.011–1.021).