Peng S, et al. - Researchers performed a prospective cohort study to assess the effects of cesarean section (CS) on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive pregnant women. This investigation was conducted on HBsAg-positive pregnant women who delivered from June 2012 to March 2017 at Wuhan Medical Care Center for Women and Children in Wuhan, China. They used Logistic regression models to explore the relationships between mode of delivery and the presence of HBV MTCT. They concluded that CS had a protective effect on early MTCT of HBV. They reported that CS for HBeAg-positive mothers with high viral load could lessen the risk of MTCT and may become a new preventive measure of HBV MTCT through research on its risk-benefit assessment.