Paek AE, et al. - Authors estimated the caries relapse rate for a cohort of 2- to 4-year-old children at high risk of early childhood caries when treated with an intensive fluoride varnish (FV) regimen. In children at high risk for caries, the intensive FV regimen appeared insufficient to prevent caries relapse. In the intensive FV treatment group at the 3-month visit compared with baseline, a significant reduction in mutans streptococci (MS) levels was observed.