Chen DY, et al. - Researchers evaluated the cardiovascular outcomes of vildagliptin (a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor) in a cohort of 3,750 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, they evaluated clinical results by comparing 1,250 candidates receiving vildagliptin with 2,500 propensity score-matched candidates. According to findings, treatment with vildagliptin was not linked to increased risks of cardiovascular (CV) death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke and hospitalization for heart failure among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus following a recent ACS or AIS. These results could provide real-world evidence to clinical practitioners to support the use of vildagliptin as an antihyperglycemic agent in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a very high risk of further CV events.