Brinton LA, et al. - Researchers undertook this case-control study of breast cancer among women aged < 55 years—involving 1,031 patients and 919 population-control participants—to assess the effects on breast cancer risk of exposure to both oral contraceptives and menopausal hormones. Upon consideration of joint effects of the longer-term use of both agents, they noted a relative risk of 3.2 among participants who reported the use of oral contraceptives for ≥ 10 years and hormone replacement for ≥ 3 years vs non-users of either preparation. Despite the authors’ recommendation for caution in interpreting the results in view of small numbers within subgroups, findings revealed the necessity for further evaluation on breast cancer risk of the increasingly common exposure to both oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy.