Ta Dinh S, Nickel MM, Tiemann L, et al. - In this work, the potential of electroencephalography was exploited systematically to determine abnormalities of brain function during the resting state in chronic pain. In 101 patients of either gender suffering from chronic pain, researchers performed state-of-the-art analyses of oscillatory brain activity, brain connectivity, and brain networks. Chronic pain patients and a healthy control group did not differ in global and local measures of brain activity. However, chronic pain patients showed significantly enhanced connectivity at theta (4-8 Hz) and gamma (> 60 Hz) frequencies in frontal brain areas as well as global network reorganization at gamma frequencies. Results thereby suggest the involvement of increased theta and gamma synchrony in frontal brain areas in the pathophysiology of chronic pain. Although there is a necessity to overcome the substantial challenges concerning the reproducibility of the findings and the accuracy, specificity, and validity of potential electroencephalography-based disease markers, this work suggests the promising value of abnormal frontal synchrony at theta and gamma frequencies as targets for noninvasive brain stimulation and/or neurofeedback approaches.