Ascher SB, Scherzer R, Estrella MM, et al. - Researchers examined the links between urine biomarkers of kidney damage and subsequent alterations in kidney function among 860 HIV-infected (HIV+) and 337 HIV-uninfected men constituting a contemporary cohort in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. From 2009 to 2011, they recorded baseline urine levels of albumin, alpha-1-microglobulin (α1m), interleukin-18, kidney injury molecule-1, and procollagen type III N-terminal propeptide. Links of these biomarkers with annual fluctuations in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were examined. Participants were observed over a median duration of 4.8 years. Findings revealed subsequent declines in kidney function in relation to higher urine albumin and α1m among HIV+ men, this was noted independently of eGFR.