Lee SJ, et al. - In a sample of Korean men (n=987) and women (n=1,949) aged ≥ 65 years, researchers examined the link between vitamin D, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and its components. They classification of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels into four quartiles, and conducted a separate analysis of all data by sex. Using the revised criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III, they defined MetS. Increased odds of MetS were observed in relation to low 25(OH)D levels. Specifically, the association of low 25(OH)D levels with MetS components of high waist circumference, hypertriglyceridemia, and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was observed, following adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol, exercise, region of residency, and seasonality.