Castillo-Reinado K, Maier W, Holle R, et al. - From a population-based diabetes register, data of incident T1D cases in children and adolescents aged < 20 years between 2007 and 2014 were extracted to examine the correlations of area deprivation and urban/rural traits with the incidence of T1D in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Population data, indicators of area deprivation and urban/rural traits at the municipality level (396 entities) have been collected from official statistics. Six thousand one hundred forty-three incident cases were reported between 2007 and 2014. Data reported that the crude incidence was 22.3 cases per 100,000 person-years. The authors discovered that the risk of T1D in more remote, more rural, less densely populated and less deprived areas is higher. Urban/rural traits were stronger predictors of T1D risk compared with area deprivation indicators.