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Association of trauma type, age of exposure, and frequency in childhood and adolescence with psychotic experiences in early adulthood

JAMA Jan 06, 2019

Croft J, et al. - Using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, researchers analyzed whether exposure to trauma, evaluated at multiple age periods between 0 and 17 years of age, is correlated with an increased risk of psychotic experiences by age 18 years and whether this relationship differs according to trauma type as well as age and frequency of exposure. Using the psychosis-like symptoms semistructured interview at age 12 years and then at age 18 years, suspected or definite psychotic experiences were assessed. In this cohort study of 4433 children and adolescents, exposure to any trauma up to age 17 years was related to increased odds of psychotic experiences at age 18 years. All types of trauma from 0 to 17 years of age were associated with increased odds of psychotic experiences. For repeated exposure, exposure to multiple types of trauma and more proximal exposure to trauma, the effect sizes were larger. These findings are consistent with the thesis that trauma can be causally linked to psychotic experiences; if so, it is necessary to identify modifiable mediators to inform prevention strategies.
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