Murphy KA, Jackson JW, Purnell TS, et al. - Given that black patients referred for renal transplantation have surpassed many hindrances but likely encounter continued racial inequalities prior to transplant, and there is a lack of clarity about the mechanisms that underlie these disparities, so researchers investigated the contributions of socioeconomic status (SES) and comorbidities as mediators to differences in listing and transplant. A cohort including patients with kidney failure who were referred for and initiated the transplant process (2009–2018) was analyzed. There were 1,452 blacks and 1,561 white patients. The relative risk of listing for black vs white patients was estimated to be 0.76; the relative risk was 0.90 following adjustment for SES and comorbidity. SES, comorbidity, and SES with comorbidity, were shown to explain the proportion of the racial disparity in listing by 36%, 44%, and 58%, respectively. Overall, findings revealed that racial differences in listing, but not for transplant, were partially mediated by SES and comorbidity.