Fonseca MJ, et al. - Because early timing of pubertal development is linked to worse cardiometabolic health in adulthood, researchers assessed this connection in 10-year-old girls and boys and clarified whether it is independent of the previous BMI. Pubertal development has been assessed in 4,548 children from the birth cohort Generation XXI through the Tanner scale. They collected information on anthropometrics, body composition, blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment–insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Statistically significant higher values of BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio, fat mass index, blood pressure, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and lower values of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were reported by girls with a Tanner stage ≥ 2. Higher statistically significant values of BMI, WC, systolic blood pressure, and HOMA-IR and reduced values of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were displayed by boys with a Tanner stage ≥ 2. Preteens with early puberty already had more adiposity at the age of 10 years, regardless of prior BMI. Girls also had greater levels of glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR, which could predict a worse metabolism of glucose. These preteens should be a target of interventions in public health.