Xerxa Y, Delaney SW, Rescorla L, et al. - Researchers conducted this population-based cohort study of 2,583 children with neuroimaging data to ascertain the correlations of poor family functioning from pregnancy onward with cortical, white matter, and subcortical volumes. In addition, they examined the degree to which, in particular, hippocampal volume mediates the correlation of prenatal parental environmental exposures with child problem behavior in preadolescence. A smaller hippocampus was observed in preadolescents in correlation with prenatal maternal-reported poor family functioning. This brain structure variation can underlie behavioral problems and is a potential manifestation, in neurodevelopmental terms, of the long-term effects of poor family functioning for the child.