Wong ES, Zhang XJ, Yuan N, et al. - Researchers conducted this population-based nested case-control study to evaluate changes in quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) metrics in amblyopic eyes and examine their connection with visual acuity in children. The sample consisted of children aged 6 to 8 years who were consecutively selected between January 2016 and July 2017 from the population-based Hong Kong Children Eye Study at the Chinese University of Hong Kong Eye Centre. This cohort consisted of 30 participants with amblyopia (mean [SD] age, 7.57 [1.2] years; 16 girls [53.3%]) and 1,045 controls (mean [SD] age, 7.65 [1.0] years; 580 girls [55.5%]). The outcomes of this analysis in children confirm the presence of macular microvascular abnormalities in amblyopic eyes. These changes as measured by OCT-A metrics are correlated with visual acuity, inferring retinal involvement in the development of amblyopia and indicating a potential role for quantitative OCT-A metrics in amblyopia diagnosis and recognition.