Armstrong MK, Fraser BJ, Hartiala O, et al. - Researchers conducted the study for identifying the relative association of non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non–HDL-C) measured at distinct life stages (adolescence, young adulthood, mid-adulthood) with the presence of coronary artery calcification (CAC) measured in mid-adulthood. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study is a population-based prospective cohort study that began in 1980 and has a 28-year follow-up period. Candidates from 3 population centers (Kuopio, Tampere, and Turku in Finland) represent a convenience sample drawn from the 3 oldest cohorts at baseline (aged 12-18 years in 1980). Three hundred twenty-seven (56%) of the 589 participants were female. In a model adjusted for year of birth, gender, BMI, systolic blood pressure, blood glucose level, smoking status, lipid-lowering, and antihypertensive medication use, and family history of heart disease, cumulative exposure to non–HDL-C across all life stages was linked to CAC. Such findings suggest that elevated non–HDL-C levels at all life stages are linked to coronary atherosclerosis in mid-adulthood. However, adolescent non–HDL-C levels had the strongest association with the presence of CAC in mid-adulthood, and there is a need for greater awareness of the importance of elevated non–HDL-C in adolescence.