Aminian A, Zajichek A, Arterburn DE, et al. - Through a retrospective cohort study involving 13,722 patients (2,287 patients who underwent metabolic surgery and 11,435 matched controls), researchers examined the link between metabolic surgery and incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. A total of 385 patients in the surgical group and 3,243 patients in the nonsurgical group experienced a primary endpoint— the incidence of extended MACE, defined as first occurrence of all-cause mortality, coronary artery events, cerebrovascular events, heart failure, nephropathy, and atrial fibrillation— at the end of the study period. All prespecified secondary outcomes exhibited statistically important variations in favor of metabolic surgery, including mortality. In 112 patients in the metabolic surgery group and 1,111 patients in the nonsurgical group, all-cause mortality occurred. Thus, among patients with T2D and obesity, metabolic surgery, in comparison with nonsurgical management, was related to a significantly lower risk of incident MACE. However, the findings from this observational study requires further validation in randomized clinical trials.