Banerjee P, et al. - Through a cohort study of 212 eligible survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated at a single institution between 2000 and 2010 who underwent 5,699 exposures to general anesthesia, researchers examined if general anesthesia was associated with neurocognitive impairment and neuroimaging abnormalities in long-term survivors. Higher propofol cumulative dose, flurane exposure, and longer anesthesia duration were associated with neurocognitive impairment and slow processing. Also, a dose of propofol and the duration of anesthesia and processing speed was correlated to higher corpus callosum white matter diffusivity. In long-term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, higher cumulative anesthesia exposure and duration could be linked with neurocognitive impairment and neuroimaging abnormalities, past the known outcomes related to neurotoxic chemotherapies. Therefore, pediatric populations with chronic health conditions who undergo multiple medical procedures, limited exposures to anesthesia should be the goal.