Koita OA, et al. - In this randomized, phase 2, non-inferiority clinical trial, researchers performed a comparison of AQ-13 against artemether plus lumefantrine for treatment of uncomplicated P falciparum malaria. The per-protocol analysis suggested non-inferiority of AQ-13 to artemether plus lumefantrine. However, the intention-to-treat analysis, which included two participants who withdrew and three who were lost to follow-up from the AQ-13 group, did not meet the criterion for non-inferiority of AQ-13, although there were no AQ-13 treatment failures. Researchers recommended further studies with more participants (and non-immune participants) to assess whether widespread use of modified 4-aminoquinolones should be recommended.