Pedersen SS, Fabritius ML, Kongebro EK, et al. - In view of the considerations that cellular oxidative stress can increase because of hyperoxia during anesthesia, and the resulting damage may reduce with providing perioperative antioxidant treatment, researchers here determined the risks and benefits of antioxidant treatment in surgical patients. Using Cochrane standards and GRADE methodology, they performed a systematic review with meta‐analyses and trial sequential analysis (TSA). They identified 97 trials with 8,156 patients for inclusion. N‐Acetylcysteine (36 trials) and vitamin C (29 trials) were the most common interventions. Primarily, trials were conducted during cardiac surgery (53 trials). Information on mortality was reported in 56 trials with 4,890 patients (243 events). Per findings, surgical patients treated with antioxidants had a 26% relative risk reduction of mortality. However, the quality of evidence supporting the findings is low and influenced by clinical heterogeneity and high risk of systematic‐ and random errors.