de Boer SA, Reijrink M, Abdulahad WH, et al. - In this randomized, placebo‐controlled trial, the researchers sought to determine the frequency of circulating angiogenic T (Tang) cells in treatment‐naive people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) vs healthy controls, and evaluate the impact of 26 weeks of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibition on the frequency of Tang cells and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), as well as analyze the impact of DPP‐4 inhibition on circulating levels of stromal cell‐derived factor‐1α (SDF‐1α), vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin (IL)‐8. For 26 weeks, T2DM patients were randomized to 5 mg/day Linagliptin (n = 20) or placebo (n = 21). In Linagliptin‐treated people with T2DM, SDF‐1α levels increased significantly compared with placebo, and there was a trend in the change in Tang cell levels, while the EPC count did not change. According to findings, Tang cell circulating levels were significantly lower in T2DM patients, while a trend was observed in Tang cell recruitment after 26 weeks of treatment with Linagliptin. Such results show that DPP‐4 inhibitors may potentially have beneficial effects on bone marrow‐driven vascular repair.