Muhlebach MS, et al. - Researchers investigated the correlations of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria cultured from cystic fibrosis (CF) airways. Across three CF centres, quantification of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria in respiratory samples from subjects, ages 1–69 years, who were clinically stable, was carried out using extended culture methods. From 59% and 95% of samples, they cultured 18 anaerobic and 39 aerobic genera, respectively. Findings showed the occurrence of anaerobic bacteria at an early age. An association of anaerobic bacteria with milder disease was observed in sputum producing subjects. This finding indicated that targeted eradication of anaerobes may not be warranted in sputum producing CF subjects.