Habib AS, et al. - Whether intravenous amisulpride, a dopamine D₂/D₃-antagonist, is superior to placebo at treating established postoperative nausea or vomiting after failed prophylaxis was investigated in 2,285 adult patients undergoing surgery under general inhalational anesthesia and receiving standard antiemetic prophylaxis. This study was performed at 23 sites in Canada, France, Germany, and the United States. Postoperative nausea or vomiting in the 24-h period after surgery was reported by 702 patients, these subjects were randomized to receive a single dose of 5 or 10 mg intravenous amisulpride or matching placebo. Findings revealed that it was safe to administer a single 10-mg dose of intravenous amisulpride, which displayed more efficacy than placebo at treating established postoperative nausea or vomiting in patients failing postoperative nausea or vomiting prophylaxis. No clinically relevant toxicities were observed.