Wu QZ, Li S, Yang BY, et al. - Researchers sought to gather evidence on the correlations between airborne particulates of diameter ≤ 1 μm (PM₁) and airborne particulates of diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM_2.5) and childhood blood pressure (BP) via conducting a study in Chinese children. In this work, for the first time, the associations of PM₁ and PM_2.5 with childhood BP and prevalence of elevated BP were explored and compared. From 62 schools in 7 northeastern Chinese cities, 9,354 children (aged 5 to 17 years) were recruited between 2012 and 2013. BP measurement was done using a mercury sphygmomanometer. A spatiotemporal model was utilized to evaluate daily ambient PM₁ and PM_2.5 exposures, which was assigned to participants’ home addresses. The analysis revealed a positive correlation of long-term exposures to PM₁ and PM_2.5 with BP and prevalent hypertension in children, particularly younger children. Mostly, PM₁ accounted for the observed associations of PM_2.5 and BP in China. The robustness of these associations was evident in several sensitivity analyses.