Roh T, et al. - Given the relation of arsenic in drinking water to causing cancer and non-cancer diseases, researchers investigated the effect of age at arsenic exposure on mortality in Antofagasta, Chile, 30–40 years after a specific period of very high arsenic concentrations in the water from 1958–1970. Findings revealed a noteworthy relationship with bronchiectasis and age at first exposure, as seen by increased risk in adults 30–40 years after exposure confined to those who were in utero or aged 1–10 during the high exposure period. For lung, bladder and laryngeal cancer, increased standardized mortality ratios (SMRs: calculated comparing Antofagasta with the rest of Chile for 2001–2010 by sex and age at potential first exposure) were evident for exposures starting at all ages, but the highest SMRs were for exposures beginning at birth. Targeting early life arsenic with interventions could considerably reduce long-term mortality due to arsenic 30–40 years after exposures end.