Zanelli M, Smith M, Zizzo M, et al. - Given an uncommon cause of eosinophilic lung infiltrate is the class of myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and rearrangement of PDGFRA, PDGFRB, FGFR1 and PCM1-JAK2, researchers describe a case of myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm with eosinophilia and rearrangement of PDGFRA in a 70-year old man who presented with dry cough and dyspnea. Imaging studies in this patient revealed the presence of ground glass-opacities. The presence of peripheral blood eosinophilia was also identified. Via a thorough step-wise patient’s assessment, the clonal nature of eosinophilia was recognized and a diagnosis of myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm with eosinophilia and rearrangement of PDGFRA was made. The importance of correlation with clinical history, laboratory tests and imaging studies was highlighted as far as achievement of a correct diagnosis is concerned when facing with eosinophilic lung infiltrates. Life-threatening organ damage can result from prolonged eosinophilia. Of especial significance is the identification of PDGFRA rearrangement, as in the present case, given the sensitivity and excellent response to imatinib, which has totally transformed the natural history of this neoplasm.