Breton MD, Kanapka LG, Beck RW, et al. - In a 16-week, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group trial, experts aspired to explore whether a closed-loop system of insulin delivery (also named an artificial pancreas) can improve glycemic outcomes in children with type 1 diabetes. In a 3:1 ratio, children 6 to 13 years of age who had type 1 diabetes were assigned to be treated with either a closed-loop system of insulin delivery (closed-loop group) or a sensor-augmented insulin pump (control group). In total, 101 children underwent randomization (78 to the closed-loop group and 23 to the control group). At baseline, the glycated hemoglobin levels ranged from 5.7 to 10.1%. In this 16-week trial including children with type 1 diabetes, with the use of a closed-loop system, the glucose level was in the target range for a greater percentage of time than with the use of a sensor-augmented insulin pump. Neither group had episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis or severe hypoglycemia.