Park JS, et al. - In patients with EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progressing on at least one kind of EGFR-TKI, the combination therapy of afatinib, an irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), and ruxolitinib, a JAK1/2 selective inhibitor, was investigated for its safety and effectiveness. In this phase Ib open-label study, researchers enrolled patients with histologically diagnosed EGFR-mutant stage IV NSCLC and documented disease progression on EGFR-TKI therapies. Patients received afatinib only on day 1 through day 8 (run-in period), then received ruxolitinib concurrently with afatinib until disease progression. As per outcomes, patients tolerated the combination of afatinib and ruxolitinib well, and in NSCLC progressing on EGFR-TKIs, it had modest clinical activity. For EGFR-mutant NSCLC, they identified a possible value of targeting JAK1/STAT3 as a therapeutic strategy