Shangguan S, et al. - Researchers analyzed studies reporting the impact of food labeling on consumer purchases/orders, intakes, metabolic risk factors, and industry responses. Using 10 databases, 60 studies were identified, including 2 million observations across 111 intervention arms in 11 countries. They used inverse-variance random effects meta-analysis to pool studies. They explored heterogeneity and evaluated publication bias. In 2017, analyses were completed. They found that, as a result of food labeling, consumer intakes of energy were decreased by 6.6%, total fat by 10.6%, and other unhealthy dietary options by 13.0%, while vegetable consumption increased by 13.5%. With regard to industry responses, product contents of sodium decreased by 8.9% and artificial trans fat by 64.3% as a result of food labeling.