Tong TYN, et al. - Researchers examined the influences of the Mediterranean diet on circulating metabolites and assessing how the associations of the diet with cardiometabolic risk factors are mediated by the metabolites. They assessed dietary consumption with FFQs and conducted a targeted metabolomics assay for 175 plasma metabolites (acylcarnitines, amines, sphingolipids, and phospholipids) among 10,806 participants (58.9% women, mean age = 48.4 y) in the Fenland Study (2004–2015) in the United Kingdom. They modeled multivariable-adjusted linear regression to determine the cross-sectional associations of the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) and its major components with each metabolite. Findings revealed a significant association of 66 metabolites with the MDS in this healthy general British population. This suggests the potential to identify a set of biomarkers for an overall diet. In these associations, pathways of phospholipid metabolism, carnitine metabolism, and development of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia may be involved.