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A 10-year longitudinal observational study of cataplexy in a cohort of narcolepsy type 1 patients

Nature and Science of Sleep Oct 27, 2019

Almeneessier AS, et al. - In 38 individuals with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), cataplexy symptoms, the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), sleep quality (evaluated using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index [PSQI]), BMI, and comorbid conditions were prospectively monitored in order to evaluate the natural course of cataplexy in individuals with NT1 at 2, 6, and 10 years following stabilizing symptoms and analyze sleep quality, BMI, and comorbidities at enrollment and 10 years later. In 42% of the cohort, at the end of the study, the anti-cataplectic medications were discontinued without disturbing symptoms of cataplexy. Moreover, an obvious important decrease in the frequency of cataplexy over time was noted. While on the same pharmacotherapy, the mean ESS score decreased by more than 4 points from 19.4 ± 2.9 to 15 ± 4.3. The number of individuals with a PSQI score of < 5 (designating good sleep quality) rose from 6 to 15. The BMI rose from 30 ± 5.1 to 33.3 ± 6 kg/m2. No variations were recorded in comorbidities. Hence, the findings imply that the course of NT1 is unstable. Over a 10-year period, in a large proportion of patients, cataplexy symptoms got better or vanished, and there was an advancement in daytime sleepiness as well as nighttime sleep quality.
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