Super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) is characterized by seizure activity lasting at least 24 hours despite treatment with anti-seizure medications. SRSE is challenging to control and is associated with high morbidity and mortality.

Study Design 

Investigators reviewed the medical records of children < 15 years old diagnosed with SRSE. Participants were treated with KD between 2007 and 2021 at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital in Thailand. 

Results and Conclusions

The study consisted of 14 pediatric SRSE patients, ranging from 2 months of age to 13.5 years of age. Ketosis was induced via the enteral route in 8 patients and via the parenteral route for the remaining 6 patients.  Patients in the parenteral group achieved significant ketosis faster than those in the enteral group (2 vs 5 days). However, investigators did not report a significant difference in the median time after ketosis induction to SRSE termination. Upon discharge, all survivors (12/14) were seizure-free. 

Related Research

Consider these findings from similar research studies:

• In a cohort of 8 pediatric SRSE patients treated with KD, 50% responded favorably to the treatment (Source). 

• KD is a safe and effective treatment for pediatric SRSE patients and should be considered early (Source).