The Union Health Ministry has asked all the states to set up State Mental Health Authority and District Mental Health Review Board to ensure effective implementation of the Mental Health Care Act, 2017.
 

The Act got the assent of the president on April 7 last year. The State Mental Health Authority which will comprise officials of the state government and other members working in the mental health sector is supposed to oversee the effective implementation of the provisions of the Act, an official statement said. 

While, the District Mental Health Review Boards will address public grievances related to violation of the provisions of the Act. "As per the provisions of the Act, the state governments are required to take certain actions like establishment of State Mental Health Authorities, creation of State Mental Health Authorities Funds and setting up of Mental Health Review Boards," said a letter written to chief secretaries and principal secretaries (health).

"The state government shall also take necessary steps to integrate mental health services into general health care services at all levels of health care, including primary, secondary and tertiary health care, and in all health programmes run by the government. These actions are essential to be completed in a time-bound manner and given adequate publicity so as to ensure timely implementation of the provisions of the Act," it said. 

According to the Mental Health Care Act-2017, every person with mental illness shall be treated as equal to persons with physical illness in the provision of all health care. Also, attempts to commit suicide by a mentally ill person will not be punishable under the law. The Act also prohibits use of electro-convulsive therapy, referred to as "shock therapy", without the use of muscle relaxants and anaesthesia on a patient suffering from mental illness. Besides this, such patients cannot be chained in any manner as per the Act.  

The ministry in collaboration with NIMHANS Bengaluru, Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi and Lokopriya Gopinath Bordoloi Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur is conducting online courses for medical officers, psychologists, social workers and nurses to make them equipped with skills to handle persons with mental illnesses.

This initiative of the ministry is aimed at addressing the gap between requirement and availability of professionals to handle persons with mental illnesses. The Health Ministry has also taken cognisance of acute shortage of qualified manpower in the field like psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, clinical psychologists and mental health nurses. Against the requirement of 13,500 psychiatrists, there are around 4,000 psychiatrists as on January 2015.