Regular consumption of plain yoghurt may help people reduce their risk of diabetes and also reduce insulin resistance, said doctors on April 14.

Yoghurt has long been known to curb the risk of diabetes, however, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in March made the first-ever qualified health claim that eating yoghurt may reduce the risk of Type-2 Diabetes (T2D).

Based on limited scientific evidence, the regulatory body said that "at least three servings of yoghurt per week may reduce the risk of T2D incidence for the general population", revealed a study published in the journal Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.

However, "yoghurt will not cure or treat people with T2D", said researchers from the University of Pennsylvania, US, in the paper.

Vandana Verma, a Principal Dietitian said that the approval of yoghurt for managing blood sugar is due to its probiotic content, which promotes gut health.

"The gut microbiome plays a vital role in regulating glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity, essential for blood sugar management. Probiotics in yoghurt may enhance these functions, making it potentially beneficial for individuals with diabetes or at risk of it," she said. However, she emphasised that all yoghurts are not equal.

"Some may lack probiotics or contain added sugars, reducing their health benefits. Opting for plain yoghurt with live cultures and avoiding added sugars is preferred. Additionally, incorporating yoghurt into a balanced diet with fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins, coupled with regular exercise, is crucial for managing and reducing diabetes risk," the dietician said.

Yoghurt is a product of high nutritional value and a rich source of nutrients like proteins, vitamins, and minerals as well as beneficial microbes. Further, eating yoghurt helps change the microbiota and ecosystem of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).

Besides fighting off diabetes, the presence of Lactobacillus casei, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Bifidobacterium species in yoghurt boosts immunity, reduces obesity, and keeps the liver healthy.

"These metabolites may prove anti-inflammatory and may change immunity by modulating IL-1 and IL-6. Decreased visceral fat and obesity can reduce insulin resistance, also modulated by cytokines, resulting in fewer new-onset diabetes cases and less non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NFLD)," said Dr Rajeev Gupta, Director - Internal Medicine from Delhi.