More than one quarter of asthma patients have been prescribed potentially dangerous amounts of steroid tablets, with researchers warning this puts them at greater risk of serious side effects.

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Around 2.5 million Australians have asthma, with the condition affecting more women than men. For the study, published in the Medical Journal of Australia, the research team analysed data from the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) to find out how often Australians with asthma were taking repeated courses of steroid tablets. They looked at more than 120,000 cases where asthma patients were given one or more prescriptions for steroid tablets by their doctor between 2014 and 2018.

The researchers found more than 25 percent of those patients were more likely to have a chronic condition. "Short courses of steroid tablets can be effective at treating asthma attacks in the short term, but it's becoming clear that repeated use may cause significant long term side-effects like diabetes, osteoporosis and cataracts," said study author John Upham from the University of Queensland in Australia.

Professor Upham said the best way to prevent asthma attacks was by regularly using preventer inhalers. "Unfortunately, our study found half of asthma patients given repeated scripts for steroid tablets were not using inhalers as often as they should," he said. The researchers noted that better approaches are needed to educate and support asthma patients. "And encourage them to use preventer inhalers regularly," the study authors wrote. "This is the best way to avoid or minimise the need for steroid tablets, and the side effects they can produce," they concluded.