Blount BC, Karwowski MP, Shields PG, et al. - Bronchoalveolar-lavage (BAL) fluids were collected from 51 individuals with electronic-cigarette or vaping, product use–associated lung injury (EVALI) in 16 states and from 99 healthy people who were part of an ongoing study of smoking involving nonsmokers, exclusive users of e-cigarettes or vaping products, and exclusive cigarette smokers that was initiated in 2015 in order to establish the detection of toxicants in BAL fluid from individuals with EVALI. State and local health departments assigned EVALI case status as verified for 25 individuals and as probable for 26 people. Vitamin E acetate was discovered in BAL fluid obtained from 48 of 51 case-patients in 16 states but not in such fluid collected from the healthy comparator group. Thus, vitamin E acetate was concluded to be related to EVALI in a convenience sample of 51 individuals in 16 states across the United States.