Li D, et al. - Given that the risk of pancreatic cancer is increased by meat-derived mutagens and is attenuated by vitamin C or E—according to previous studies—researchers evaluated the impact of vitamin C or E intake on the link between meat-derived mutagen exposure and pancreatic cancer risk in this case-control study. Participants included patients (n=1,321) with pathologically confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and healthy controls (n=1,061; aged 28–88 years). Findings revealed no association of PDAC risk with meat consumption. In relation to the intake of well-done grilled or barbecued chicken, the risk of PDAC was reported. Increased PDAC risk was observed in relation to intake of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline. A 38% increased risk of PDAC was reported among subjects in the highest vs the lowest quintile of 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (PhIP) intake. The risk of PhIP-related PDAC was mitigated by a high intake of dietary vitamin C or E—a finding consistent with prior experimental evidence.