Elbarbary NS, et al. - This is the first randomized controlled trial to investigate the role oral vitamin B complex supplementation as adjuvant therapy for nephropathy in pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients and to evaluate its relationship with homocysteine and cystatin C as a marker of nephropathy. In this analysis, 80 T1DM patients with microalbuminuria (12-18 years of age) with a duration of at least 5 years of illness and HbA1c ≤8.5% were included, despite oral angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Investigators found that vitamin B complex improved glycemic control and renal functions. In diabetic nephropathy, vitamin B complex decreased homocysteine, cystatin C, microalbuminuria. Overall, they concluded that vitamin B complex is a safe and effective strategy for early-stage nephropathy in pediatric T1DM. No adverse reactions due to vitamin B complex supplementation were reported in this investigation.