Coleman RL, Fleming GF, Brady MF, et al. - In an international, phase 3, placebo-controlled trial of individuals randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive chemotherapy plus placebo followed by placebo maintenance (control), chemotherapy plus veliparib followed by placebo maintenance (veliparib combination only), or chemotherapy plus veliparib followed by veliparib maintenance (veliparib throughout), experts evaluated the efficiency of veliparib added to first-line induction chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel and continued as maintenance monotherapy in 1,140 individuals with formerly untreated stage III or IV high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Veliparib, when combined with chemotherapy, resulted in a greater incidence of anemia and thrombocytopenia as well as nausea and fatigue overall. Across all trial populations, in comparison with carboplatin plus paclitaxel induction therapy alone, a regimen of carboplatin, paclitaxel, and veliparib induction therapy followed by veliparib maintenance therapy resulted in significantly longer progression-free survival. Moreover, the independent value of adding veliparib during induction therapy without veliparib maintenance was less apparent.