Osterman MT, et al. - In this propensity-score-based case-matching analysis, researchers examined the vedolizumab exposure-response association after adjusting for potential confounding variables, proposed potential target serum vedolizumab concentrations for future studies, and determined whether early vedolizumab serum concentrations were correlated with short- and long-term clinical outcomes in adults with ulcerative colitis in GEMINI 1. Of the 693 patients with pharmacokinetic data at week 6, the potential target vedolizumab concentrations at weeks 6, 14 and the steady state were 37.1, 18.4 and 12.7 µg/mL. Week 6 was identified as the earliest time when vedolizumab concentrations in weeks 14 and 52 were consistently linked to clinical remission. Findings revealed that vedolizumab concentrations at week 6 were related to short- and long-term remission in this comprehensively adjusted analysis. For further study, potential induction and maintenance target concentrations were proposed.