Chiesa ST, Marcovecchio ML, Benitez-Aguirre P, et al. - Researchers used a parallel randomized controlled trial and observational cohort study to describe the progression of vascular phenotypes throughout this important period and examined the impact of ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors and statins in high-risk adolescents. Endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation and reactive hyperemia index) and arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity) were evaluated in 158 high-risk candidates selected to a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled 2×2 factorial trial of ACE inhibitors and/or statins in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (AdDIT [Adolescent Type 1 Diabetes cardio-renal Intervention Trial]). Findings suggested that ACE inhibitors enhance endothelial function in high-risk adolescents as they transition through puberty. At this early age, the longer-term protective effects of this intervention remain to be determined.