Kucia K, et al. - An open-label, uncontrolled and one center retrospective study of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy was implemented with stable pharmacotherapy in six people with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in order to make one year observation and assessment of the VNS efficiency and safety for people with TRD in Polish conditions. The baseline 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24) score equated 24. Following 3 months of treatment, both response (> 50% decrease in baseline scores) and remission rates were only 40%. Following 1 year of VNS therapy, the response rates rose to 86%. Voice alteration (86% at 3 months of stimulation) and headaches (40%) were the most common side-effects. Thus, VNS treatment was safe and efficient in TRD cases and its efficiency improved with time. Moreover, effectiveness ratings are comparable to the formerly reported studies using a suitable protocol.